H\u00e0ng l\u1ebb (LCL – Less than Container Load) v\u00e0 H\u00e0ng nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng (FCL – Full Container Load) l\u00e0 hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c giao nh\u1eadn v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e3ng lai th\u00ec \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u1eabn c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y. V\u1eady ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n
H\u00e0ng nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng (FCL – Full Container Load) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cho xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n. D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c giao nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t container v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t container 20ft ho\u1eb7c 40ft). Container v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1p h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n
H\u00e0ng l\u1ebb (LCL – Less than Container Load) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u n\u00f4m na l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng x\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t container. N\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 khi ch\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng nguy\u00ean m\u1ed9t container, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n gh\u00e9p h\u00e0ng chung v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c. Khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng ty d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i s\u1ebd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng l\u1ebb (LCL shipments), s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng chung v\u00e0o container, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00fang t\u1eeb c\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp t\u1edbi c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00edch. Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3ng chung nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gom h\u00e0ng (Consolidation). H\u00e0ng LCL (H\u00e0ng l\u1ebb, hay h\u00e0ng consol) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng FCL (Full Container Load), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee7 x\u1ebfp nguy\u00ean container.<\/p>\n
Gom h\u00e0ng l\u1ebb (LCL)
\nV\u1eady s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa hai h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n
H\u00e0ng nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng (FCL – Full Container Load)<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng FCL: Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t container v\u00e0 ra c\u1ea3ng l\u1ea5y container, sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 kho \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng h\u00e0ng; Cung c\u1ea5p chi ti\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin cho h\u00e3ng t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n; \u0110\u00f3ng h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o container v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gia c\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb x\u00ea d\u1ecbch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n; T\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00ean nh\u1eadn d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng; L\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng quan cho l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng; Ni\u00eam ch\u00ec (Seal) cho container; Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 container t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng; Ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed nh\u01b0 ph\u00ed b\u1ed1c d\u1ee1, ph\u1ee5 ph\u00ed x\u1ebfp d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng (THC), ph\u00ed l\u01b0u container t\u1ea1i kho\/b\u00e3i do h\u00e3ng t\u00e0u thu (DEM\/DET) n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng FCL: Ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 khai b\u1ea3ng sao k\u00ea (Manifest) cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u1eedi v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n BILL th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i g\u1eedi b\u1ea3n v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn (Draft Bill) \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n; B\u1ed1c container l\u00ean t\u00e0u v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp container to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e0u nh\u1ed5 neo; D\u1ee1 container kh\u1ecfi t\u00e0u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00edch; Khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m ph\u00ed l\u1ec7nh giao h\u00e0ng (D\/O) v\u00e0 giao container cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i b\u00e3i container (CY).<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng FCL: Khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng t\u00e0u, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e3ng t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ec7nh. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan th\u00f4ng quan l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng; V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n container v\u1ec1 kho v\u00e0 r\u00fat h\u00e0ng, ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 container v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang n\u01a1i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho h\u00e3ng t\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c r\u00fat h\u00e0ng ngay t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng n\u1ebfu l\u00e0m l\u1ec7nh r\u00fat ru\u1ed9t; Ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ph\u00ed local charges, D\/O, ph\u00ed c\u01b0\u1ee3c container.<\/p>\n
Gom h\u00e0ng nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng (FCL)<\/p>\n
H\u00e0ng l\u1ebb (LCL – Less than Container Load)<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng LCL: \u0110\u00f3ng h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ch\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn kho CFS (Container Freight Station) c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gom h\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng quan cho l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng; Cung c\u1ea5p chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n (Bill) cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi gom h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n; X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn (Draft Bill) v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n BILL (Ocean Bill of Lading \u2013 B\/L).<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gom h\u00e0ng LCL: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf; C\u1ea5p v\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 khai b\u1ea3ng sao k\u00ea (Manifest) l\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng; Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd b\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng h\u00e0ng cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng LCL: Trong v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng l\u1ebb m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gom h\u00e0ng (Consolidator) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a nh\u1ecf l\u1ebb v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn kho ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t container ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng t\u00e0u v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi gom h\u00e0ng v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i thu l\u1ea1i container c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng t\u00e0u v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi h\u00e3ng t\u00e0u. V\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi gom h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 FCL<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng LCL: Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng LCL t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m h\u00e0ng FCL nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n
Khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn kho c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gom h\u00e0ng, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gom h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ec7nh. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan th\u00f4ng quan l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng FCL, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng l\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng ph\u00ed c\u01b0\u1ee3c container, v\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u01b0\u1ee3n container. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd (Handling Charges).<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n FCL v\u00e0 LCL l\u00e0 hai h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng v\u00ec th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf g\u1eedi b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, trong khi g\u1eedi nguy\u00ean container l\u1ea1i d\u01b0 th\u1eeba. T\u1ea1i ITL, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gom h\u00e0ng l\u1ebb v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i, chi ph\u00ed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 180 xe container \u0111\u1ea7u k\u00e9o v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 250 r\u01a1 m\u00f3oc, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ITL.
\n-Theo ITL –<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
H\u00e0ng l\u1ebb (LCL – Less than Container Load) v\u00e0 H\u00e0ng nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng (FCL – Full Container Load) l\u00e0 hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c giao nh\u1eadn v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e3ng lai th\u00ec […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":947,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2733","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thu-vien-thong-tin-logistics"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2733","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2733"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2733\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2735,"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2733\/revisions\/2735"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/947"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/itlvn.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}